Decoquinate of Uses, Interactions, Mechanism of Action?

Highly Effective Coccidiostats for Livestock and Poultry

Decoquinate Powder is a new type of highly effective quinolone anticoccidiasis drug for livestock and poultry, commonly known as dicoquinolone, edecanoquinolone, dichloroquinolone, dicoquinolone, and benzyl quinolone methyl ester. The raw material is a off-white or slightly yellow crystalline powder, which is slightly soluble in chloroform or ether and insoluble in water or ethanol. It has unique anticoccidiasis activity, and its anticoccidiasis activity effect is stronger than that of pidomicin ammonium. Nicarbazine + ethoxybenzyl ester, methylsalinomycin, studies have shown that decoxoquine esters can effectively overcome the drug resistance of coccidia. It is used in clinical practice to prevent and treat the most harmful diseases to poultry, such as Eimeria tenella, Eimeria maxima, Eimeria cerVulina, Eimeria necatrix, and Eimeria brugi Coccidiosis in poultry caused by six types of coccidiosis, including Eimeria mutans (etti) and Eimeria mutans (E. Mivati). It can also prevent and treat neosporidiosis in domestic animals such as cattle and sheep, as well as Cryptosporidiosis in ruminants. For young goats, it can also increase their weight gain rate and milk production.

Poultry farming: Prevention of coccidiosis in chickens and turkeys.

Decoquinate Powder play a role in the asexual reproduction stage of coccidia. After entering the sporospore cells, they prevent their development by interfering with DNA synthesis. It begins to play a role in the early stage of the coccidia life cycle, effectively avoiding intestinal damage caused by coccidia. Adding it to the feed will not affect the digestion of the feed by power and the absorption of nutrients. This product has no contraindications for compatibility. It cannot be used in feed containing bentonite.

Ruminants: Control of coccidial infections in calves, lambs, and goats.

Quinoline anticoccidiosis drugs are prone to drug resistance. It is recommended to use them only during the peak period of coccidiosis outbreaks, and the continuous use should not exceed 4 weeks at most. Since the 1970s, decanoquinyl has been widely used in many countries for the prevention and control of coccidiosis in poultry, but it has never been used in China. In 2006, Yalai Company of the United States first introduced it to the Chinese market for sale, which attracted great attention and widespread concern. The reasons are as follows: It was used for the first time in China, with no drug resistance, making it the most ideal rotational medication. It can kill coccidia, promote growth, improve coloration, and has excellent anti-coccidia effect and growth-promoting performance. It begins to play a role in the early stage of the life history of coccidia and lasts for the longest time.

Other animals: Occasionally used in rabbits and other livestock.

It has a broad spectrum of coccidiosis resistance and shows good effects on the six most harmful avian coccidiosis species. It has good stability and can maintain quality stability for 4 years under suitable temperature and humidity conditions.

Antigenic parasite drug, used for coccidiosis in chickens.

Quinoline coccidiosis drugs. As a feed additive, to prevent coccidiosis in broilers, add 27.2g of this product to 1t of feed. This product has low toxicity, good tolerance and a wide safety range. The metabolism is rapid. Three days after drug withdrawal, the residual drug concentration in each tissue is less than 1ppm.

Decoquinate works by:

Inhibiting mitochondrial respiration in coccidia, disrupting energy production.

Blocking electron transport at the cytochrome bc₁ complex (Complex III), leading to protozoal death.

Acting early in the parasite's life cycle, preventing sporozoite development.

Due to its specific mechanism, decoquinate has a low risk of resistance when used properly.

No major drug interactions have been reported, but combining it with other coccidiostats (e.g., ionophores) should be done under veterinary supervision.

Toxicity is rare at recommended doses, but overdose may cause reduced feed intake or growth suppression in animals.

Not approved for use in animals intended for human consumption without observing proper withdrawal periods.

Noack, S., Chapman, H. D., & Selzer, P. M. (2019). "Anticoccidial drugs of the livestock industry." Parasitology Research, 118(7), 2009-2026. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06343-5]

McDougald, L. R. (2003). "Anticoccidial drugs and their effects on poultry production." Veterinary Parasitology, 113(2), 155-166. [DOI: 10.1016/S0304-4017(03)00049-4]

EMA (European Medicines Agency). (2011). "Decoquinate Summary Report." EMA Veterinary Medicines. Link