Vitamin K2 MK4 Powder

Vitamin K is a class of compounds with quinone structures, which includes five different types of compounds, namely vitamin K1, K2, K3, K4, and K5. Vitamin K2 is a series of compounds, which are light yellow crystals and mainly synthesized by intestinal bacteria. There are 14 types based on the length of the isoprene side chain on C3. The main one used to treat osteoporosis is vitamin K2(20), that is, tetraenethoquinone. Studies have shown that tetramethylnaphthoquinone has osteogenic effects, promotes calcium metabolism, and can also inhibit bone resorption caused by osteoclasts, thereby increasing bone density and preventing osteoporosis. Tetramethylnaphthoquinone is an oily substance and has the characteristics of being easily decomposed when exposed to light, so it is suitable for being made into soft capsule dosage forms.

Menatetrenone, also known as vitamin K2, is a naturally occurring vitamin containing the basic structure of naphthoquinone and having an anti-bleeding effect. In 1929, Dym discovered that there are two types of vitamin K in nature, K1 and K2, both of which are naphthoquinone compounds. Tetramethylnaphthoquinone is a yellow crystal or oily liquid, insoluble in water but readily soluble in organic solvents and vegetable oils. It is heat-resistant but easily damaged by light. It can promote the liver's synthesis of prothrombin, regulate the synthesis of coagulation factors VII, IX and X, and thereby accelerate blood coagulation. In addition, it plays an important role in glucose phosphorylation within cells. In some bacteria (such as mycobacteria), it can be a component of the respiratory chain. After deficiency, the clotting time is prolonged, so there will be continuous bleeding when there is trauma. The bacteria in the intestines of humans and animals can synthesize, so deficiency diseases are generally less likely to occur.

The mechanism of action of tetramethylnaphthoquinone (vitamin K2) is similar to that of vitamin K1, and it can assist γ -glutamyl carboxylase in converting glutamic acid (Glu) into γ -carboxylated glutamic acid (Gla). This process is helpful for the generation of GLA-proteins (proteins containing Gla), for example:
Osteocalcin: bone mineralization
GAS6: cell proliferation thrombin, anticoagulant proteins: blood homeostasis

Human intestinal bacteria can produce menatetrenone (vitamin K2), so there is no need to worry about a deficiency in daily life. However, if sulfonamide drugs or antibiotics are taken for a long time to inhibit bacteria, or if there are any conditions that cause lipid malabsorption, such as bile duct obstruction, constipation, tropical diarrhea, pancreatic dysfunction, etc., it will all lead to vitamin K deficiency. Even minor injuries that are usually harmless can cause continuous bleeding and death in animals lacking K. Therefore, patients with intestinal obstruction and bile duct obstruction must be injected with vitamin K before surgery. Even if the intestinal lumen of newborns is sterile, K-deficient neonatal hemorrhagic disease may occur, which can persist until bacteria are present in the intestinal lumen. Injecting K into pregnant women before delivery can prevent it. If the Chemicalbook injection is directly given to the newborn, it should not be too much at one time to avoid causing hyperbilirubinemia and jaundice. As long as adults absorb intestinal fat well, they are not at risk of vitamin K deficiency. It is well known that patients lacking vitamin K have reduced prothrombin in their blood and prolonged clotting time. Therefore, it is believed that the main function of K is to promote the synthesis of prothrombin in the liver. After years of research, it has been found that vitamin K also promotes the production of coagulation factors such as VII, IX and X in the liver. When K is lacking, all these clotting factors in the blood will decrease. For this reason, when liver cancer or cirrhosis occurs, the liver tissue is severely damaged and liver function becomes abnormal. Even if vitamin K is given, it is ineffective.

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